MEASURES TO PROTECT COMPUTER SECURITY  保护计算机安全的措施

    Security is concerned with protecting information, hardware, and software. Security measures consist of encryption, restricting access,anticipating disasters, and making backup copies.

    安全与信息、硬件和软件的保护有关。安全措施包括加密、限制访问、预防灾难和制作备份。
 
    Encrypting Messages  给信息加密

    Whenever information is sent over a network, the possibility of unauthorized access exists. The longer the distance the message has to travel, the higher the security risk is. For example, an e-mail message on a LAN meets a limited number of users operating in controlled environments such as offices. An e-mail message traveling across the country on the National Information Highway affords greater opportunities for the message to be intercepted.
   
    每当信息通过网络发送，总是存在越权访问的可能性。信息传输的距离越远，安全风险就越大。例如，局域网上的电子邮件只会遭遇在办公室等受控环境中进行操作的有限数量的用户。而在国家信息高速公路上横穿国家的电子邮件，则提供了更多的被截取的机会。

    Businesses have been encrypting, or coding, messages for years. They have become so good at it that some law enforcement agencies are unable to “wiretap” messages from suspected criminals. Some federal agencies have suggested that a standard encryption procedure be used so that law enforcement agencies can monitor suspected criminal communications. The government is encouraging businesses that use the National Information Highway to use a special encryption program. This program is available on a processor chip called the clipper chip and is also known as the key escrow chip.

    工商企业给信息加密或译码已达多年。它们在这方面已十分擅长，致使有些执法机构难以“窃听”疑犯发送的信息。一些联邦机构建议采用标准的加密程序，以便执法机构能够监控疑犯的通信。政府鼓励使用国家信息高速公路的工商企业采用一种专门的加密程序。这种程序可在一种处理器芯片上得到，该芯片称为加密芯片，通常也称为密钥托管芯片。

    Individuals are also using encryption programs to safeguard their private communications. One of the most widely used personal encryption programs is Pretty Good Privacy.

    个人也使用加密程序来保护其私人通信。使用最广泛的加密程序之一是PGP加密软件。